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Security Practices Of Electronic Commerce Companies Should...

It seems that companies too often lose credit card information, social security numbers, addresses, and other personally identifiable information. In each case there are steps that can be taken to mitigate or prevent such damage from occurring. This paper attempts to provide a basic overview of security practices that electronic commerce companies should follow. The first category is building a secure network. There are necessary steps in how a company should approach access into their networks from the outside, from installation of a firewall system, to configuration, and even access control within the enterprise. The second category is data protection. Data must be kept secure not only when it is in transit, or in use, but also when†¦show more content†¦Keywords: network security, electronic commerce, encryption, data protection, vulnerability management, access control, policy Overview of Basic Security Practices for E-commerce Businesses Target, Neiman Marcus, and even eBay have been victims of breaches involving their customer’s sensitive information. Identity theft is becoming all too common as entire dossiers of individuals who have done nothing more than purchase something online are shared, sometimes for as little as a dollar (Follow the Data: Dissecting Data Breaches and Debunking the Myths, 2015). Incidents happen when a company doesn’t maintain physical security of a device, such as a laptop, or when unauthorized individuals obtain access to databases. Every company is responsible for securing the contents of their databases and protecting consumer information. There are various methods to carry out these goals, but an all of the above method is necessary to ensure consumer privacy and confidence. There are six categories in which a company must be compliant in order to protect against loss of information. Each category must be utilized, as a failure in one renders the others useless. In no particular order, these categories are Securing the Network, Data Protection, Vulnerability Management, Access Control, Regular Monitoring and Testing, and maintenance of an Info-Sec Policy. This paper

First Crusade Siege of Antioch

June 3, 1098 - After an eight-month siege, the city of Antioch (right) falls to the Christian army of the First Crusade. Arriving at the city on October 27, 1097, the three principal leaders of the crusade, Godfrey of Bouillon, Bohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV of Toulouse disagreed over what course of action to follow. Raymond advocated a frontal assault on the citys defenses, while his compatriots favored laying siege. Bohemund and Godfrey ultimately prevailed and the city was loosely invested. As the crusaders lacked the men to completely surround Antioch, the southern and eastern gates were left unblockaded allowing the governor, Yaghi-Siyan, to bring food into the city. In November, the crusaders were reinforced by troops under Bohemunds nephew, Tancred. The following month they defeated an army sent to relieve the city by Duqaq of Damascus. As the siege dragged on, the crusaders began to face starvation. After defeating a second Muslim army in February, additional men and supplies arrived in March. This allowed the crusaders to completely surround the city while also improving conditions in the siege camps. In May news reached them that a large Muslim army, commanded by Kerbogha, was marching towards Antioch. Knowing that they had to take the city or be destroyed by Kerbogha, Bohemund secretly contacted an Armenian named Firouz who commanded one of the citys gates. After receiving a bribe, Firouz opened gate on the night of June 2/3, allowing the crusaders to storm the city. After consolidating their power, they rode out to meet Kerboghas army on June 28. Believing that they were led by visions of St. George, St. Demetrius, and St. Maurice, the crusader army charged the Muslim lines and put Kerboghas army to rout saving their newly captured city.

A Glimpse Behind The Curtain Essay - 1080 Words

Souls In Transit A glimpse behind the curtain. Facing the death of my sister from a terminal illness altered my life in myriad ways—for evermore. It challenged every platitude—life is fair, everything happens for a reason, what doesn’t kill you makes you stronger—I think not. As the illness consumed her, I grasped at ways to imbue her soul with my unfaltering love, and the pure delight we shared in being sisters. I searched for signs—earthly and otherworldly, to assure me the love, the connection, the intimacy that defined us would survive. An incident a few days before her death, gave me hope that perhaps, consciousness survives, and can be bridged after death. In June of 2000, my beloved sister, Mary, 15 months my senior, my soul mate, lay dying of metastatic lung cancer. She received hospice care in her home, cocooned in the love of family and friends and the compassionate care of her doctor and hospice nurses. I, along with my younger sister, Angie, and Mary’s best friend, Lynn, were her primary caretakers. Mary experienced extreme pain and was consistently and heavily medicated. As she grew weaker, unable to swallow pills, we used a mortar and pestle to grind her pills, mix them with applesauce and feed them to her. Late one evening Lynn was with me, as she had volunteered to sleep in the recliner next to Mary’s hospital bed. As midnight approached, Lynn and I tried to get Mary to take her applesauce medication mixture. However, after two bites she refused,Show MoreRelatedA Memorable Occasion in my Life- Personal Narrative Essay568 Words   |  3 PagesA Memorable Occasion in my Life- Personal Narrative Looking around the blacked-out glass door and past the curtains, I caught a glimpse of the school hall. It had been totally transformed from its usual every day state. 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The new Islamic republic regime was beginning to spread inRead More An Analysis of William Carlos Williams Poem, The Young Housewife715 Words   |  3 Pagesthe poem the reader is left with three separate images, which describe the emotion/admiration felt by the narrator for the woman. Williams in the first stanza gives the reader a glimpse of the woman in her husbands house. His description is somewhat voyeuristic, as the woman is in her negligee behind walls, and yet the reader is still able to see her. The poet also tells us the exact time, ten A.M.. This suggests that the woman while still in her negligee, is in no rush to prepareRead MoreBeing John Malkovich1235 Words   |  5 Pagesfollows an unemployed puppeteer, Craig Schwartz, on his quest to gain the recognition he desires. Craig Schwartz acquires a job as a file clerk for Lester Corp, located on the 7-1/2th floor. It is there that he discovers a secret door with a portal behind a filing cabinet. This portal transports whoever enters it into John Malkovichs head, enabling one to experience Malkovichs life through his eyes, or as Schwartz likes to put it, â€Å"in his shoes†(literally). Schwartz and his co-worker, who hes very

Digital Fortress Chapter 36 Free Essays

â€Å"Manual abort?† Susan stared at her screen, mystified. She knew she hadn’t typed any manual abort command-at least not intentionally. She wondered if maybe she’d hit the wrong sequence of keys by mistake. We will write a custom essay sample on Digital Fortress Chapter 36 or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"Impossible,† she muttered. According to the headers, the abort command had been sent less than twenty minutes ago. Susan knew the only thing she’d typed in the last twenty minutes washer privacy code when she’d stepped out to talk to the commander. It was absurd to think the privacy code could have been misinterpreted as an abort command. Knowing it was a waste of time, Susan pulled up her ScreenLock log and double-checked that her privacy code had been entered properly. Sure enough, it had. â€Å"Then where,† she demanded angrily, â€Å"where did it get a manual abort?† Susan scowled and closed the ScreenLock window. Unexpectedly, however, in the split second as the window blipped away, something caught her eye. She reopened the window and studied the data. It made no sense. There was a proper â€Å"locking† entry when she’d left Node 3, but the timing of the subsequent â€Å"unlock† entry seemed strange. The two entries were less than one minute apart. Susan was certain she’d been outside with the commander for more than one minute. Susan scrolled down the page. What she saw left her aghast. Registering three minutes later, a second set of lock-unlock entries appeared. According to the log, someone had unlocked her terminal while she was gone. â€Å"Not possible!† she choked. The only candidate was Greg Hale, and Susan was quite certain she’d never given Hale her privacy code. Following good cryptographic procedure, Susan had chosen her code at random and never written it down; Hale’s guessing the correct five-character alphanumeric was out of the question-it was thirty-six to the fifth power, over sixty million possibilities. But the ScreenLock entries were as clear as day. Susan stared at them in wonder. Hale had somehow been on her terminal while she was gone. He had sent her tracer a manual abort command. The questions of how quickly gave way to questions of why? Hale had no motive to break into her terminal. He didn’t even know Susan was running a tracer. Even if he did know, Susan thought, why would he object to her tracking some guy named North Dakota? The unanswered questions seemed to be multiplying in her head. â€Å"First things first,† she said aloud. She would deal with Hale in a moment. Focusing on the matter at hand, Susan reloaded her tracer and hit the enter key. Her terminal beeped once. TRACER SENT Susan knew the tracer would take hours to return. She cursed Hale, wondering how in the world he’d gotten her privacy code, wondering what interest he had in her tracer. Susan stood up and strode immediately for Hale’s terminal. The screen was black, but she could tell it was not locked-the monitor was glowing faintly around the edges. Cryptographers seldom locked their terminals except when they left Node 3 for the night. Instead, they simply dimmed the brightness on their monitors-a universal, honor-code indication that no one should disturb the terminal. Susan reached for Hale’s terminal. â€Å"Screw the honor code,† she said. â€Å"What the hell are you up to?† Throwing a quick glance out at the deserted Crypto floor, Susan turned up Hale’s brightness controls. The monitor came into focus, but the screen was entirely empty. Susan frowned at the blank screen. Uncertain how to proceed, she called up a search engine and typed: SEARCH FOR: â€Å"TRACER† It was a long shot, but if there were any references to Susan’s tracer in Hale’s computer, this search would find them. It might shed some light on why Hale had manually aborted her program. Seconds later the screen refreshed. NO MATCHES FOUND Susan sat a moment, unsure what she was even looking for. She tried again. SEARCH FOR: â€Å"SCREENLOCK† The monitor refreshed and provided a handful of innocuous references-no hint that Hale had any copies of Susan’s privacy code on his computer. Susan sighed loudly. So what programs has he been using today? She went to Hale’s â€Å"recent applications† menu to find the last program he had used. It was his E-mail server. Susan searched his hard drive and eventually found his E-mail folder hidden discreetly inside some other directories. She opened the folder, and additional folders appeared; it seemed Hale had numerous E-mail identities and accounts. One of them, Susan noticed with little surprise, was an anonymous account. She opened the folder, clicked one of the old, inbound messages, and read it. She instantly stopped breathing. The message read: TO: [email protected] FROM: [email protected] GREAT PROGRESS! DIGITAL FORTRESS IS ALMOST DONE. THIS THING WILL SET THE NSA BACK DECADES! As if in a dream, Susan read the message over and over. Then, trembling, she opened another. TO: [email protected] FROM: [email protected] ROTATING CLEARTEXT WORKS! MUTATION STRINGS ARE THE TRICK! It was unthinkable, and yet there it was. E-mail from Ensei Tankado. He had been writing to Greg Hale. They were working together. Susan went numb as the impossible truth stared up at her from the terminal. Greg Hale is NDAKOTA? Susan’s eyes locked on the screen. Her mind searched desperately for some other explanation, but there was none. It was proof-sudden and inescapable: Tankado had used mutation strings to create a rotating cleartext function, and Hale had conspired with him to bring down the NSA. â€Å"It’s†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Susan stammered. â€Å"It’s†¦ not possible.† As if to disagree, Hale’s voice echoed from the past: Tankado wrote me a few times†¦ Strathmore took a gamble hiring me†¦ I’m getting out of here someday. Still, Susan could not accept what she was seeing. True, Greg Hale was obnoxious and arrogant-but he wasn’t a traitor. He knew what Digital Fortress would do to the NSA; there was no way he was involved in a plot to release it! And yet, Susan realized, there was nothing to stop him-nothing except honor and decency. She thought of the Skipjack algorithm. Greg Hale had ruined the NSA’s plans once before. What would prevent him from trying again? â€Å"But Tankado†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Susan puzzled. Why would someone as paranoid as Tankado trust someone as unreliable as Hale? She knew that none of it mattered now. All that mattered was getting to Strathmore. By some ironic stroke of fate, Tankado’s partner was right there under their noses. She wondered if Hale knew yet that Ensei Tankado was dead. She quickly began closing Hale’s E-mail files in order to leave the terminal exactly as she had found it. Hale could suspect nothing-not yet. The Digital Fortress pass-key, she realized in amazement, was probably hidden somewhere inside that very computer. But as Susan closed the last of the files, a shadow passed outside the Node 3 window. Her gaze shot up, and she saw Greg Hale approaching. Her adrenaline surged. He was almost to the doors. â€Å"Damn!† she cursed, eyeing the distance back to her seat. She knew she’d never make it. Hale was almost there. She wheeled desperately, searching Node 3 for options. The doors behind her clicked. Then they engaged. Susan felt instinct takeover. Digging her shoes into the carpet, she accelerated in long, reaching strides toward the pantry. As the doors hissed open, Susan slid to a stop in front of the refrigerator and yanked open the door. A glass pitcher on top tipped precariously and then rocked to a stop. â€Å"Hungry?† Hale asked, entering Node 3 and walking toward her. His voice was calm and flirtatious. â€Å"Want to share some tofu?† Susan exhaled and turned to face him. â€Å"No thanks,† she offered. â€Å"I think I’ll just-† But the words got caught in her throat. She went white. Hale eyed her oddly. â€Å"What’s wrong?† Susan bit her lip and locked eyes with him. â€Å"Nothing, â€Å"she managed. But it was a lie. Across the room, Hale’s terminal glowed brightly. She’d forgotten to dim it. How to cite Digital Fortress Chapter 36, Essay examples

International Employment Relations Collective Bargaining

Question: Describe about the Report for International Employment Relations of Collective Bargaining. Answer: Introduction The current report focuses on international employment relations. It is evident that an employment relation is certain to be amended. The organizations and the countries form the employment relations based on certain policies. Thus, in order to understand the basic principles and purpose of employment relation, the context of China has been selected in the current report. The paper provides the evidences that indicate the transformation that Chinese employment relations are presently undergoing from individual to collectivized relationship. The report also highlights the necessity of changes in Chinas labour policy. It is been identified that improvement Chinas employment Contract law has achieved the legal framework for the settlement to individual employee relation as well as accelerated the evolution of collective employee relation. Nevertheless, it is observed that the developed framework of individual labour relations is not effective and sufficient by itself to deal with the co nflict between employees as well as the capital. The current report focuses on the above-mentioned factors and includes an intensive analysis of the issues related to labour relations in China. As mentioned by Chang and Brown (2013), the transition towards a market economy as well as the integration of Chinas economy into the international market system leads to severe change in the employment relations environment in China. Conversely, it is also identified that the market-oriented reconstruction of the employment in the country takes place during a significant crucial period of transition from personal labour relation to collective labour relation. The report carries forward with focussing on these segments and providing a critical discussion. Issues related to the employment relations in China The changes in the economy play a crucial role in amending the labour relation in China. Changes in the economy in China are one of the major issues that have broad impact on the labour relations. As mentioned by Cooke (2016), the Chinas economy is transforming itself within the last thirty years in as growing speed; nevertheless, the social tissue as well as the employment relation is getting affected to a large extent. The scenario indicates that not only some 250 million of labour are affected, most other labour are also affected. Also, the rest part of the world is anxiously looking forward to China. However, on the contrary, Chang and Cooke (2015,) commented that China has been the winner of globalization for long time. In addition, in past few years, the country China economically was adopting itself with the growing economic power. The impact of this particular action leads to the development of global relations (Hui Chan, 2015). In this context, Friedman (2012) added that in 2009, China has the record of overtaking Germany as the country with third biggest GDP. It has now been the subject of time when China will leave behind Japan and United State. Furthermore, it is observed that employment as well as the industrial relations in China undergone radical transformation along with the journey towards a market economy. Within a limited time, the country has become the world of factory (Lee, Brown Wen 2016). However, some significant issues related to the labour relations have been found in the industrial operation and the global operation of the country. Although, China has previously been one of the largest equal societies but in the last twenty years, the country has become most unequal societies than any other Asian countries. According to the data provided by Asian Development Bank, the inequality has been increasing rapidly in China than any other developing countries. The inequality has severely growing among regions, industries and occupations. With larger disparity undermining sustainable economic development, China has experienced a massive growth in social conflicts and in labour disputes especially in last two decades (King-Chi Chan Sio-leng Hui, 2012). As put forward by Liu and Li (2014), the incidence of collective protest of different nature increased to 60,000 in 2003 from 10,000 in 1993. Hence, the major fact is that labour-related protests reached 46.9% of the collective protest in 2004. This scenario clearly indicates that labours issues in China has become one of the largest sources of social tension as well as the conflicts in China. Furthermore, it is also observed that incidents of labour disputes implied to local attribution councils throughout China have demonstrated a significant growth. As mentioned by Li and Freeman (2015), the increasing rate of labour disputes was seen between 20% and 50% each year in the last decade. However, no trusted source on strike found, but is generally believed that actions of strikes were also in the rise. Figure: Increase of labour dispute in China (Source: Lyddon, Cao, Meng Lu, 2015) Impact of regulations on employment relations in China It has been identified that Chinas resurgence as an international and political power is depended on its success in becoming the large sector global manufacturing. The country continues to record the negative attention for poor employment standard. As mentioned by McDermott, Jinyue Sun and Obar (2010), since the early 90s, trade unions as well as the consumer group in the Western region have significantly drawn on the corporate social responsibility context arguments to apply pressure on transitional corporation to develop the working conditions in China. As the increasing economic development as well as the urbanization transformed the Chinese labour landscape and ended long-term jobs in the corporate sector, thousands of workers, as the core of the political system were kept unprotected for long. It is observed that irregular payment of wages was spreading around, the workers without support and contracts lack lacked the confirmation of fundamental right in the workplace. Thus, to control and resolve the issues, the Chinese authorities made put a huge effort to protect the workers with the principles of regulation Labour Law of the peoples Republic of China, 1995. This has enforced a significant change in Chinese labour policy. According to the opinion provided by Anheier (2014), the last few decades of the last century experienced the most significant change in Chinas employment policy. This includes the replacement of permanent employment with the contract-based employment as well as the replacement of government posts allocations with the labour market. Such as changes in the policy indicate the pragmatics shifts in the labour policy. Another three regulations issued in 2007 and made that affective in 2008; the regulation focuses on addressing the shortcomings and drawbacks of the previous laws of labour relation. The Labour Contract Law, 2007 promoted the governments vision of Social Harmony and defended the core rights of workers. Furthermore, it has also been identified that instead of replacing the earlier regulations, the Labour Contract Law tries to fulfil the present gap. The law indicates that any labour relation needs to have a written contract. Government enforcing these laws In addition to all these, it has been identified that recent financial changes and the crisis in the economy has increased the pressure on Chinese government to protect as well as maintain the employment. Thousands of Chinese workers have lost their jobs. Thus, the government of China have responded to this situation with the technique of maintaining a low labour cost and stimulating local demand as well as the production. However, it has also been observed that these strategies have not always been consistent with the WTO obligations of China. The government of China claims that the laws are helping and supporting the labours in improving the work conditions and environment. According to the report, many large organizations have signed the long-term contract with the labours. According to the report published in Wall street Journal, the new law leads to some 70,000 labour arbitrations in 2009 (Chan Hui 2014). These particular arbitrations in 2009 focus on the contract violationsas well as the lost wages, Nevertheless, it is observed that no reliable data with statistics have been found on the enforcement of the lawsthus, it is necessary to rely on the NGO and government impression. In this context, Tomba (2014) mentioned that new laws have changed the scenario of China by making it easier for the labours to litigate in their interest as well as putting the obligations to the organizations to pay full attention to the worker demands. Nevertheless, Gallagher, Gile, Park and Wang (2014) argued that the law is incapable to alter the behaviour of the organizations since it is not enforced and the official union is not seen to be protesting the interest of the labours. In addition, Chan and Hui (2014) have mentioned that legal framework is mainly undermined by a profusion of imprecise and contradictory legal regulations. In this context, Anheier (2014) added that culture of non-compliance impeded effective compliance with the regulations. Furthermore, with the enhancement of laws, the government has mandated a 40 hours standard workweek. However, Chan and Hui, (2014) argued that standards were violated on a regular basis. Inappropriate and poorly enforced health and safety standards have put the workers wellbeing and life at risk. The government of China has till now done little to declare governmental as well as managerial obligations to make people aware of their rights. For instance, once it is observed that Europe an Business in China, a business enterprise, the industrial authorities and courts across the country enforced the law differently. However, in the evaluation of Chinas labour policy, it is identified that the legislation broadened up the gap between the regulations and the reality. Government policy with respect to the employment laws in China It has been observed that provincial governments of China have barely been rigorous in the implementation of labour regulations, especially when it is in conflict with the domestic economic interests. It is further identified that amended laws have done little to form the culture of compliance among the organizations in China. Conversely, the scenario of economic crisis stands as the barriers in the enforcement of the amended laws. In order to resolve the issues, the government of the country has done some amendments in the policy on employment laws. As mentioned by Hui and Chan (2015), China is considered as the most popular country with the record of boasting tremendous workforce in the world.The government of China focuses on the great importance of employment and considers employment as the first priority and top approach providing the stability of the community. The government of China proceeding with national condition has implemented the global experiences in its practices and developed the legal framework. In addition, with the help of new policies, the government has formed and applied a set of pro-active employment policies. Furthermore, the government of China is determined to promote the employment system with the help of national economy, aligning with the industrial framework, prolonging with the reform in countrys legal and political system. The government has also applied the technique of harmonizing the economic development between the rural and urban areas and enhancing the social security system. The Chinese government has applied multiple policies to develop employment opportunities and increased the range of employment. Lastly, through effective employment policies, the country has maintained the rate of unemployment under a socially tolerable range. As per the statistic of National Bureau, in 2005 the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in China met 18.2321 trillion with the increase of 9.3 in 2010 (King-Chi Chan Sio-leng Hui, 2012). In this context, Lee, Brown and Wen (2016,) added that in the previous decade, the rate of increase of GDP in China has been 8.6% in a stable manner. Moreover, the dat a reveals that total urban employed population reach 750 million. Proactive employment policy- The government of China has promoted Constitution of the Peoples Republic of China and Labour Law of the Peoples Republic of China and other significant regulations to protect the right of the labour to employment. With the help of above-mentioned framework, the government of China has formed the employment principles of labours finding their jobs, employment through market regulation as well as the employment facilitated by the government. The government of China has also developed and implemented some proactive employment policies such as micro-economic policies, fiscal, tax and financial policies. Micro-economic policy- The government bodies in China has always considered promoting employment as the strategic activity for socio-economic development. With the help of micro-economic policies, the country could take the control over the unemployment rate and increase job opportunities. The fundamental of the policy is to develop the principles of expanding domestic demand and implementing a stable fiscal as well as monetary policy. Changes in the policy From the year 2008, the labour policies as well as the legislation have let people know a new chapter of their history. The country has developed a series of new labour policies as well as the legislation. This includes the Labour Contact law, the Employment Promotion Lawand the Law on Mediation and Arbitration of Labour Dispute.These laws effectively influence the development of Chinese labour relations. For example, in 2007, Chinese arbitration institutions at each level dealt with 50,000 labour dispute cases. Nevertheless, in 2008 the scenario has been changed; in 2008 when the labour contact law was made affective almost 964,000 labour dispute cases were effective dealt with (Cooke, 2016). Thus, it can be added that new labour law is relevant and useful to increase and support the right of the workers. Why has it changed? There have been issues that put the labour market in a catastrophic situation. In the 1987, the Provisional regulation on Labour dispute in states enterprise were seen as the major issues as because of this labour dispute arbitration resumed. Likewise, there are many significant issues were found in the last decade such as unhealthy work condition, high unemployment rate, poor wages, irregular payment, collective labour protests and others. Due to the increasing number of issues, the government of the country has brought changes in the policy. Agreeing or disagreeing with Governments employment relations policy Changes in the employment policy made by Chinese government have been effective to deal with the increasing issues related to employment. As the economy of China transformed within last thirty years; thereby, due to the uncertainty in the economy labour relation suffered a lot. At the time of implementing the initiative creating Special Economic Zone 30 years back, the existing regional disparities increased. This initiative led to more catastrophic situation. For example, the quality of life went down and the situation of migrated workers became more problematic in the entire process of modernization as well as industrialization. In addition, the despite the legal initiatives, the legal framework of China especially for industrial relations remains as problematic since it does not identify the right to strike and need of association. Moreover, the lack of support or the absence of government bodies on labours right to put strike on social inequality made the situation worsen (Friedman, 2012). Therefore, it was necessary for the government of China to respond to such situation. The government of China was lagging behind other developing countries to build up a public statistical system to demonstrate the causes as well as the consequences of labours collective incidents. Also, the labour issues such as delaying wage payment or getting the lower than the standard wages, employment in private and foreign occupied delayed the pay check. Thus, it was necessary for the country to amend the employment policy to promote the right of labours. Strength and weakness of this policy As discussed above, the government policy on labour relations have been effective to resolve the issues caused by several factors such as economic crisis. The labours in China were affected and the rate of unemployment was increasingly rapidly based on the growing population. Strength of the policy The policy strengthens workers right and removes barriers of employment It decrease the rate of labour disputes across China The labours get the economic compensations when they are fired and this change in the policy helps to resolve labour disputes Enhancing competitive ability of the big organization Weakness of the weakness The standards of some articles is too high to relate with the reality The major intension of these articles of the laws to avoid the illegal employment practices in some enterprise to resolve the conflict between labours and organizations. This indicates that Chinas present industrial status depends low labour cost can be enhanced. However, industrial structure judgement is a long-term process; there are many labour-intensive organizations in China such as food and beverage industry, constructions and other industries of which developments depends on demographic dividend formed by employment costs as well as flexible working hours. Conclusion On the completion of the report, it can be mentioned that the amendments in the employment policy done Chinese government have been effective for millions of workers. Thus, recommendation to strengthen the role of labour union is establishing the harmonious labour relationship will be effective, if they are implemented appropriately. By following and maintaining the principles of Labour Contract Law, Labour Law, the labour need to perform their duties and responsibilities positively to help and support the labours. Through the new legal system, the labour unions could obligate the employers to make fair as well as legal labour contract under the special conditions that all labours are clear of their legal rights. References Anheier, H. K. (2014).Nonprofit organizations: Theory, management, policy. Routledge. Chan, C. K. C., Hui, E. S. I. (2014). 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